Monitoring and Evaluation

Monitoring and Evaluation. Dr. Raghu Bista Anil Kumar Gupta. Outline. Basics of M&E framework Result orientation in practice: Monitoring tools, techniques and issues in selected projects. Implementation of Project/Programs.

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Monitoring and Evaluation

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Monitoring and Evaluation Dr. Raghu Bista Anil Kumar Gupta
Outline • Basics of M&E framework • Result orientation in practice: Monitoring tools, techniques and issues in selected projects
Implementation of Project/Programs • Once preparation is completed, finance is assured and design is finalized, project/program is forwarded for implementation. • During implementation phase, Project/program is put into action. Roads will be contracted and built, project activities will be started and completed, project output will be produced. So this is the investment phase of the project. Here, inputs are converted into outputs
Outputs of Project/Programs Implementation • The output of the implementation phase is the new road, new hydropower capacity, new bridge, new hospital department, new irrigation system, trained manpower, enhanced capacity, new product etc.
Project Implementation • To create expected outputs, projects are divided into work packages and activities, activity time and activity cost are estimated, time schedules are prepared. Likewise budget, resources and procurement plan are efficiently utilized
Project Control • During project/program implementation, control is management function to corrective action to address gap between and actual and planned performance. Clearly, the need to exert proper control mandates the need to monitor the proper activities and elements of the project
The Project Control Cycle 1. Setting a Goal 4. Taking Corrective Actions 2. Measuring Progress 3. Comparing Actual With Planned
Monitoring • “Monitoring is the collection, recording, and reporting of project information that is of importance to the project manager and other relevant stakeholders” (Mantel, Meridith, Shafer, Sutton & Gopalan, 2005). • Monitoring is a continuous function that uses systematic collection of data on specified indicators to provide management and the main stakeholders of an ongoing development intervention with indications of the extent of progress and achievement of objectives and progress in the use of allocated funds. (World Bank, 2011)
Purpose of Monitoring • To indicate at the earliest instance any shortcomings with regard to achieving intended objectives so that measures can be undertaken in good time • To monitor the development of the project as a whole, and its component projects, in relation to changes in the context and circumstances of their implementation. • To implement a rapid problem identification system as well as a system for internal communications to the various stakeholders.
Purpose of Monitoring Cont.. • To provide forecasts on cost, • To forecast resources and schedule • To facilitate evaluation process during and after activities, through the definition of specific indicators.
Process of Monitoring • Identification of Indicators • Collection of information • Analysis of information • Use of information for Action
Work Schedule and Monitoring
Project S-Curve as Tool for Cost Monitoring • Project S curve consists of presenting costs against time for both budgeted and actual expenditure.
60 40 Cumulative Budgeted Cost 20 Cumulative Actual Cost 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 5 Elapsed Time (in weeks) The Project S-Curve Cumulative Cost ($ in thousands) $20,000 Negative Var
Evaluation • Evaluation can be defined as a process by which general judgments about quality, goal attainment, project/program effectiveness, impact and costs can be determined. It can therefore be conceptualized as a review of the whole project/program in order to assess its overall value and effects. • Evaluation is a systematic and purposeful undertaking carried out by internal or external evaluators to appraise relevance, effectiveness, efﬁciency, impacts as well as sustainability generated by the policies, plans, programmes, and projects under/after implementation. (National Planning Commission, 2013)
Evaluation at Different Level • Evaluation is also classified by subject such as project level, program level, sector Level, policy level.
Evaluation Type • Ex-ante Evaluation • Mid Term Evaluation • Completion Evaluation • Ex-post Evaluation (Impact Evaluation)
M & E During Programme/Project Period (National Planning Commission , 2013)
Type of Evaluation Start of Implementation Completion of Implementation 2. Implementation of projects 4. 1. 3.
Ideal situation-M& E Complementary Monitoring Evaluation
Difference Between M & E • Evaluation is assessing the entire project cycle. • Evaluation looks for lessons to be learned from both success and lack of success, and also looks for best practices which can be applied elsewhere. • It is concerned with the assessment of progress against predetermined goals, outcomes and their effects and impacts on stakeholders. • It is generally conducted by an independent outsider • Monitoring is a continuing function that takes place throughout the implementation of a project/programme • It focuses on the implementation of the project comparing what is delivered with what is planned • It is directly related with inputs, processes and outputs. • It is generally conducted by the implementing agency.
Result based M& E Video
Result Based Management • Result based management is perspective that focus on achievement of development results. • It is a management strategy that focuses on the processes, products and services contributing to the achievement of development results (NPC, 2013)
How the Results Come • Once a project is designed and implemented, it will produce outputs (For example 25 trained math teachers) • The trained math teachers will use improved methods to teach, the result will be increased math solving competency of students • In exam, number of students to pass exam will be increased with better marks as ultimate results and will be able to get scholarship
Results Chain Impacts Activities Outputs Outcomes Inputs

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